A2A 101: Understanding the Protocol
A2A 101: Understanding the Protocol
What is A2A? The Agent2Agent (A2A) Protocol is an open standard originally developed by Google and now maintained by the Linux Foundation. It defines how AI agents discover each other, authenticate, and exchange messages - regardless of what framework they were built with or who built them. Think of it as a common language that lets any agent talk to any other agent.Why does A2A exist? Without a standard protocol, connecting agents requires custom integrations for every pair of agents. A2A solves this by providing a single, universal interface. Your agent built with LangGraph can collaborate with an agent built with CrewAI, ADK, or any other framework - all using the same protocol.How does it work? A2A uses familiar web standards: HTTP for transport, JSON-RPC 2.0 for message format, and standard authentication methods. Agents publish an Agent Card (a JSON document describing their capabilities and skills) at a well-known URL. Clients fetch this card to discover what an agent can do, then send Messages to request work. The agent processes the request and returns either a direct response or a Task for longer-running operations.A2A vs MCP: These protocols are complementary, not competing. MCP (Model Context Protocol) standardizes how agents connect to tools - stateless functions like calculators or database queries. A2A standardizes how agents communicate with other agents - autonomous systems that can reason, plan, and have multi-turn conversations. Use MCP when you need tools; use A2A when you need to collaborate with other agents.
A2A or MCP?
You can use StackOne platform actions not only with A2A agents, but also with MCP Servers and the Actions endpoint. Ultimately, experimentation is the best way to decide for your use case. However, here are some reasons you might try A2A vs. MCP:Quick Setup
Quick Setup
A2A agents are pre-built agents that are ready to go. No need to set up agent deployment, memory, etc. Just send text directly to the relevant agent with your StackOne API key and account ID.
Multi-agent Systems
Multi-agent Systems
Create a multi-agent system with a single agent in your preferred framework. Just set up your custom orchestrator agent with the A2A MCP.
Complex Projects
Complex Projects
Context bloat reduces the reliability of complex projects. Replacing tools with agents keeps tool calls out of the context, and improves accuracy and maintainability as your system grows.
StackOne empowers your agents to discover, understand, and execute real-world business actions with minimal setup and maximal flexibility, all secured by unified, enterprise authentication.
How StackOne A2A Works
When you send your StackOne API key and account ID tohttps://a2a.stackone.com to use the agent, the A2A agent’s system message and tools are dynamically generated based on your account’s configured integrations and enabled actions in the StackOne dashboard.
Each StackOne Integration (aka Provider or Connector) has its own A2A agent and corresponding Agent Card with all skills available to view at a URL like https://a2a.stackone.com/hibob/agent-card.json.
The A2A agents are dynamically generated from the Actions endpoint.
Key Features
- Ready to Use: Pre-built agents with memory, etc.
- Agent per Integration: Each StackOne Integration (aka Provider or Connector) has its own A2A agent
- Automatically Customised: The A2A agent is dynamically generated based on your account’s configured integrations and enabled actions
- Production Ready: Authentication, rate limiting, and security built-in
Getting Started
Quickstart
Get started with the A2A UI and cURL
Authentication
Learn about headers, authentication, and security
SDK Guides
Use the official A2A SDKs to build your own tools
Agent Guides
Build agents in frameworks with A2A integrations